16 And when he had taken him down, behold, they were spread abroad over all the land, eating and drinking and dancing, because of all the great spoil they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from the land of Judah. 17 And David struck them down from twilight until the evening of the next day, and not a man of them escaped, except four hundred young men, who mounted camels and fled. 18 David recovered all that the Amalekites had taken, and David rescued his two wives. 19 Nothing was missing, whether small or great, sons or daughters, spoil or anything that had been taken. David brought back all. 20 David also captured all the flocks and herds, and the people drove the livestock before him, and said, “This is David's spoil.”
21 Then David came to the two hundred men who had been too exhausted to follow David, and who had been left at the brook Besor. And they went out to meet David and to meet the people who were with him. And when David came near to the people he greeted them. 22 Then all the wicked and worthless fellows among the men who had gone with David said, “Because they did not go with us, we will not give them any of the spoil that we have recovered, except that each man may lead away his wife and children, and depart.” 23 But David said, “You shall not do so, my brothers, with what the Lord has given us. He has preserved us and given into our hand the band that came against us. 24 Who would listen to you in this matter? For as his share is who goes down into the battle, so shall his share be who stays by the baggage. They shall share alike.” 25 And he made it a statute and a rule for Israel from that day forward to this day.
26 When David came to Ziklag, he sent part of the spoil to his friends, the elders of Judah, saying, “Here is a present for you from the spoil of the enemies of the Lord.” 27 It was for those in Bethel, in Ramoth of the Negeb, in Jattir, 28 in Aroer, in Siphmoth, in Eshtemoa, 29 in Racal, in the cities of the Jerahmeelites, in the cities of the Kenites, 30 in Hormah, in Bor-ashan, in Athach, 31 in Hebron, for all the places where David and his men had roamed. – 1 Samuel 30:16-31 ESV
This chapter marks a turning point in David’s life. He has been through a lot since his early days as a young shepherd boy, tending his father’s flocks. There had been his surprising anointing by the prophet, Samuel, followed by his unimaginable defeat of the Philistine champion, Goliath. Not long after that, he found himself serving as the court musician for Saul, the king of Israel. Then he was promoted to serve as Saul’s personal bodyguard and eventually to the role of a commander in the army of the Israelites.
But then everything went south when Saul became jealous of David’s growing popularity and suspicious of his ambitions. Fearful that David might set his sights on the throne, Saul began a relentless campaign to end his life. That led to David’s flight and the subsequent years of hiding in the wilderness and, eventually, to his escape to the safety of the land of Philistia, where he had been the last 16 months. But with the sack and plunder of his home base of Ziklag and the capture of his wives, along with the wives and children of all of his men, David hit an all-time low point in his life. With his city burned, his wives taken captive by the Amalekites, and his men threatening to stone him, David was facing one of the most difficult moments in his life. His future looked bleak and the prospects of rebounding from this latest setback looked dim.
His men had turned against him, the Philistines had rejected him, and Saul was still out to kill him. But at this critical juncture, David did what he should have done all along; he turned to God. It would have been easy to let his emotions get the better of him and set off in hot pursuit of the Amalekites but, instead, he sought the Lord’s help and received it. Using the Urim and Thummim from the high priest’s ephod, David received a green light from God to pursue the Amalekites.
With the help of a captured Amalekite servant, David learned the whereabouts of the Amalekite raiding party. As the enemy was busy celebrating the success of their raids, David and his men attacked. While 400 of the Amalekites escaped, the passage reveals that the rescue mission was a rousing success.
David got back everything the Amalekites had taken, and he rescued his two wives. Nothing was missing: small or great, son or daughter, nor anything else that had been taken. David brought everything back. He also recovered all the flocks and herds, and his men drove them ahead of the other livestock. – 1 Samuel 30:18-20 NLT
God gave David the victory. With the Lord’s help, they were able to free every single woman and child, and recover every single item that had been stolen, along with an abundance of livestock and loot that the Amalekites had taken from other plundered cities. By seeking God’s will and doing things God’s way, David experienced God’s blessing. No deception was necessary. No lies were required. He decided to do things God’s way and enjoyed unrivaled success and a joyful reunion with his family. To top it all off, David’s men went from threatening to stone him to offering him all of the plunder as his reward for saving their wives and children.
But what David did next reveals the life-transformative nature of this event. He returned to the 200 men who had remained behind, too exhausted to join the pursuit of the Amalekites. Not only did he reunite them with the wives and children, but he rewarded them with a share of the plunder. This act of generosity was not well received by all of David’s men. A group of “wicked and worthless fellows” responded in anger, demanding that the 200 stragglers be punished for failing to join the fight. They could have their wives and children back, but they had forfeited their right to serve in David’s army.
But David recognized that their victory had been God-given and that everyone, even those who stayed back and protected the baggage, were to enjoy the blessing God had provided. David knew this whole affair had been God’s doing. It was He who had given them success over their enemies. David knew he didn’t deserve what God had done. This entire mess had been of his own making, yet God had graciously responded in mercy, providing the successful return of their families and the unexpected blessing of plunder. David addressed his disgruntled companions, encouraging them to recognize the hand of God and to respond accordingly.
“No, my brothers! Don’t be selfish with what the Lord has given us. He has kept us safe and helped us defeat the band of raiders that attacked us. Who will listen when you talk like this? We share and share alike—those who go to battle and those who guard the equipment.” – 1 Samuel 30:23-24 NLT
David wanted everyone to share the joy of the moment and experience the material blessings that God had provided. He not only shared the plunder with his men but had a portion of it sent to the elders of Judah. As far as he was concerned, this had been God’s victory and it was only right to share it with all of God’s people.
This passage provides an important transition point in the story of David’s life. Yes, he is still persona non grata in Israel. He remains a fugitive, living on the run because Saul still seeks to end his life. But his transformation from shepherd boy to king is rapidly coming to an end. Saul remains on the throne, but God’s preparation for David to take his place is almost done. Saul’s demise and David’s rise were much nearer than either man knew.
God has a habit of revealing his abundant grace and mercy at the lowest points of our lives. But we should not be surprised that God appears at our points of crisis because it is in those moments that we tend to seek His help. When our capacity to solve our problems diminishes and our resources for self-preservation finally run out, we typically call out to God – and He hears. Not only that, He answers. When we reach out to God, He responds and rescues us.
This very same principle applies to our salvation. Paul reminds us of the gracious gift of redemption that God made available at our greatest moment of need.
God showed his great love for us by sending Christ to die for us while we were still sinners. – Romans 5:8 NLT
In the midst of our sin-saturated, self-centered, death-deserving hopelessness, God stepped in and did what only He could do. He saved us. He gave us victory over sin and death. He blessed us beyond our wildest imaginations, and we are to share that blessing with others, just as David shared the Amalekite plunder with his men and the elders of Judah.
Jesus told His disciples: “A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have loved you, you also are to love one another. By this all people will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another” (John 13:34-35 ESV). Our salvation marks a turning point in our lives, when we moved from a life of selfishness and self-centeredness to a life of selflessness and love for others.
In many ways, the words of Paul to the church in Corinth reflect what we see displayed in the life of David in this passage. But they also apply to us. Like David, we have been reconciled to God and enjoy the blessing of His presence, power, and provision. As a result, we are to share the bounty of His love and undeserved favor with others. Our dependence upon God allows us to be generous to others because He is the source of all our needs.
This means that anyone who belongs to Christ has become a new person. The old life is gone; a new life has begun! And all of this is a gift from God, who brought us back to himself through Christ. And God has given us this task of reconciling people to him. For God was in Christ, reconciling the world to himself, no longer counting people’s sins against them. And he gave us this wonderful message of reconciliation. – 2 Corinthians 5:17-19 NLT
Like David, we have been reconciled to God. We have been given a second chance, a new lease on life. We have been spared from a fate worse than death: eternal separation from God. And as a result, we are to share the joys and blessings of our reconciliation with God with others.
English Standard Version (ESV) The Holy Bible, English Standard Version. ESV® Permanent Text Edition® (2016). Copyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers.
New Living Translation (NLT) Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.