To the choirmaster. A Maskil of the Sons of Korah.
1 O God, we have heard with our ears,
our fathers have told us,
what deeds you performed in their days,
in the days of old:
2 you with your own hand drove out the nations,
but them you planted;
you afflicted the peoples,
but them you set free;
3 for not by their own sword did they win the land,
nor did their own arm save them,
but your right hand and your arm,
and the light of your face,
for you delighted in them.
4 You are my King, O God;
ordain salvation for Jacob!
5 Through you we push down our foes;
through your name we tread down those who rise up against us.
6 For not in my bow do I trust,
nor can my sword save me.
7 But you have saved us from our foes
and have put to shame those who hate us.
8 In God we have boasted continually,
and we will give thanks to your name forever. Selah
9 But you have rejected us and disgraced us
and have not gone out with our armies.
10 You have made us turn back from the foe,
and those who hate us have gotten spoil.
11 You have made us like sheep for slaughter
and have scattered us among the nations.
12 You have sold your people for a trifle,
demanding no high price for them.
13 You have made us the taunt of our neighbors,
the derision and scorn of those around us.
14 You have made us a byword among the nations,
a laughingstock among the peoples.
15 All day long my disgrace is before me,
and shame has covered my face
16 at the sound of the taunter and reviler,
at the sight of the enemy and the avenger.
17 All this has come upon us,
though we have not forgotten you,
and we have not been false to your covenant.
18 Our heart has not turned back,
nor have our steps departed from your way;
19 yet you have broken us in the place of jackals
and covered us with the shadow of death.
20 If we had forgotten the name of our God
or spread out our hands to a foreign god,
21 would not God discover this?
For he knows the secrets of the heart.
22 Yet for your sake we are killed all the day long;
we are regarded as sheep to be slaughtered.
23 Awake! Why are you sleeping, O Lord?
Rouse yourself! Do not reject us forever!
24 Why do you hide your face?
Why do you forget our affliction and oppression?
25 For our soul is bowed down to the dust;
our belly clings to the ground.
26 Rise up; come to our help!
Redeem us for the sake of your steadfast love! – Psalm 44:1-26 ESV
Things don't always go as expected. As God’s people, there is no guarantee that our lives will be trouble-free or exempt from difficulty. The truth is, bad things happen to good people. That is the primary theme of this psalm of lament.
Written by one of the sons of Korah, this psalm begins with a stirring tribute to God’s past faithfulness to His people. The opening lines record how God miraculously delivered the land of Canaan to the people of Israel under the leadership of Joshua.
You drove out the pagan nations by your power
and gave all the land to our ancestors.
You crushed their enemies
and set our ancestors free. – Psalm 44:2 NLT
Every Hebrew child grew up hearing about the exciting exploits of Joshua as he led the people of Israel in their conquest of Canaan. They could recite the details of the battle at Jericho, where the “walls came tumblin’ down.” These stories were part of the collective imagination of Israel, passed down from generation to generation to remind them of God’s power and promise-keeping nature. The psalmist freely admits, “We have heard it with our own ears—our ancestors have told us of all you did in their day, in days long ago” (Psalm 44:1 NLT).
These stories had been recorded for posterity in the books of Joshua and Judges, providing proof that God had fulfilled the promise he made to the people of Israel long before they set foot in the land of Canaan.
“I will send my terror ahead of you and create panic among all the people whose lands you invade. I will make all your enemies turn and run. I will send terror ahead of you to drive out the Hivites, Canaanites, and Hittites. But I will not drive them out in a single year, because the land would become desolate and the wild animals would multiply and threaten you. I will drive them out a little at a time until your population has increased enough to take possession of the land. And I will fix your boundaries from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea, and from the eastern wilderness to the Euphrates River. I will hand over to you the people now living in the land, and you will drive them out ahead of you.” – Exodus 23:27-31 NLT
God had kept His word, fulfilling His promise to provide His chosen people with a land of their own. The former slaves had become the masters of their own domain, thanks to God’s gracious intervention in their lives. Their conquest of the land had not been the result of their superior military might; it had been God’s doing, something the psalmist openly acknowledges.
They did not conquer the land with their swords;
it was not their own strong arm that gave them victory.
It was your right hand and strong arm
and the blinding light from your face that helped them,
for you loved them. – Psalm 44:3 NLT
Seeming to speak on behalf of the king, the psalmist proclaims God’s sovereignty and the nation’s continued dependency upon His power for their survival. In the centuries since Joshua led the people across the Jordan River into Canaan, the Israelites remained reliant upon God’s strength for their protection and continued existence.
Only by your power can we push back our enemies;
only in your name can we trample our foes. – Psalm 44:5 NLT
But something had happened that caused the psalmist to question God’s faithfulness. A national tragedy had left the people wondering whether God had turned His back on them. An unnamed enemy had humiliated the Israelites in battle, leaving them confused and conflicted and questioning the cause of their unexpected defeat. From all appearances, they had trusted in God, and He had let them down.
But now you have tossed us aside in dishonor.
You no longer lead our armies to battle.
You make us retreat from our enemies
and allow those who hate us to plunder our land. – Psalm 44:9-10 NLT
None of this made sense. The psalmist can think of no sin that would have warranted the devastating loss they had suffered. From his perspective, the nation remained faithful to God and undeserving of their humiliating defeat at the hands of their enemy.
All this has happened though we have not forgotten you.
We have not violated your covenant.
Our hearts have not deserted you.
We have not strayed from your path. – Psalm 44:17-18 NLT
There was no sin to confess or repent of. The psalmist can think of no instance of corporate immorality or iniquity that would have warranted such an obvious act of divine punishment. This loss had God’s hands all over it. It appeared to be a clear case of God’s judgment, but it seemed to lack justification. They had done nothing wrong. This led the psalmist to accuse God of punishing them unjustly.
You have covered us with darkness and death. – Psalm 44:19 NLT
He knew God to be all-wise and all-knowing. There was nothing that escaped His notice or went undetected. If they were guilty of unfaithfulness or idolatry, God would know it because He is omniscient. Yet, as far as the psalmist could tell, their corporate calamity had been God’s doing — whether deserved or not.
Yet because of you we are killed all day long; we are treated like sheep at the slaughtering block. – Psalm 44:22 NET
The psalmist boldly declares his belief that their tragedy was God's doing. He could think of no other logical explanation and this led him to beg God to relent and restore His people.
Wake up, O Lord! Why do you sleep?
Get up! Do not reject us forever.
Why do you look the other way?
Why do you ignore our suffering and oppression? – Psalm 44:23-24 NLT
This psalm reflects the earth-bound, limited perspective of all believers. We are temporal creatures attempting to understand the ways of God in a fallen world where things don't always make sense. The presence of evil and the experience of pain and suffering it can produce can leave us doubting God’s goodness and questioning His justice. We somehow expect that our faith in Him should exempt us from the trials and tribulations that others suffer.
Yet, the apostle Paul reminded the Christians in Corinth that trials and tribulations were to be expected in this life.
That is why we never give up. Though our bodies are dying, our spirits are being renewed every day. For our present troubles are small and won’t last very long. Yet they produce for us a glory that vastly outweighs them and will last forever! So we don’t look at the troubles we can see now; rather, we fix our gaze on things that cannot be seen. For the things we see now will soon be gone, but the things we cannot see will last forever. – 2 Corinthians 4:16-18 NLT
The Israelites were not exempt from difficulty, and neither were the Corinthians. Life can be hard. Suffering is an ever-present reality for believers and non-believers alike. Paul was well acquainted with that fact, having endured his own fair share of difficulties. He provided the believers in Corinth with a short list of some of his undeserved troubles while serving as an apostle of Jesus Christ.
I have worked harder, been put in prison more often, been whipped times without number, and faced death again and again. Five different times the Jewish leaders gave me thirty-nine lashes. Three times I was beaten with rods. Once I was stoned. Three times I was shipwrecked. Once I spent a whole night and a day adrift at sea. I have traveled on many long journeys. I have faced danger from rivers and from robbers. I have faced danger from my own people, the Jews, as well as from the Gentiles. I have faced danger in the cities, in the deserts, and on the seas. And I have faced danger from men who claim to be believers but are not. I have worked hard and long, enduring many sleepless nights. I have been hungry and thirsty and have often gone without food. I have shivered in the cold, without enough clothing to keep me warm. – 2 Corinthians 11:23-27 NLT
Paul wasn’t complaining or bragging; he simply reminded his readers that no one is immune from suffering. Jesus Himself suffered and died as part of His faithful adherence to His Father’s will. He was falsely accused, viciously abused, and crucified on a Roman cross, though He was innocent of any crime and completely free from sin.
Paul wrote to Christians living in Rome, reminding them their circumstances were a lousy barometer of God’s love and faithfulness. These new believers were living in the capital city of the Roman Empire and under constant threats from a hostile government that had played a major role in the death of their Lord and Savior. Persecution and suffering were a daily reality but were never to be seen as a lack of God’s love for them.
Can anything ever separate us from Christ’s love? Does it mean he no longer loves us if we have trouble or calamity, or are persecuted, or hungry, or destitute, or in danger, or threatened with death? (As the Scriptures say, “For your sake we are killed every day; we are being slaughtered like sheep.”) No, despite all these things, overwhelming victory is ours through Christ, who loved us. – Romans 8:35-37 NLT
Notice that Paul quotes Psalm 44:22. He turns the psalmist’s lament into a statement of praise. Rather than blame God for any suffering we may have to endure, Paul suggests we see it as an opportunity to praise Him for His goodness and grace. He has a plan for us, and He can use every aspect of our lives on this earth to glorify Himself — even through tragedy, heartache, and suffering. That is why Paul told the Corinthians believers to view their present suffering as an opportunity to see God work.
We now have this light shining in our hearts, but we ourselves are like fragile clay jars containing this great treasure. This makes it clear that our great power is from God, not from ourselves.
We are pressed on every side by troubles, but we are not crushed. We are perplexed, but not driven to despair. We are hunted down, but never abandoned by God. We get knocked down, but we are not destroyed. Through suffering, our bodies continue to share in the death of Jesus so that the life of Jesus may also be seen in our bodies. – 2 Corinthians 4:7-10 NLT
Father, it’s so easy to let the circumstances of life become the barometer by which I measure Your faithfulness and love. When things are going well in my life, I tend to view You positively. But if one thing goes wrong, I rant and rail about Your apparent disinterest and seeming distance from my life. I judge Your love based on the physical conditions of my life. But You are always loving, faithful, and quick to reveal Yourself — even in the darkest moments of my life. Give me the ability to see You clearly even when life doesn't make sense. Your plan is perfect and Your love for me is unwavering. I know I can trust You, but sometimes life causes me to doubt. Keep me focused on Your faithfulness so I won’t let the seeming failures of life distract and defeat me. Amen
English Standard Version (ESV) The Holy Bible, English Standard Version. ESV® Permanent Text Edition® (2016). Copyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers.
New Living Translation (NLT) Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.